Ecological and Evolutionary Perspectives on Transmissible Viral Tumours in Wild Species

An oncogenic virus is a virus that has the potential to cause cancer. These viruses can induce the malignant transformation of cells by various mechanisms, such as integrating their genetic material into the host cell's genome or by expressing viral proteins that interfere with normal cellular processes. Understanding and monitoring oncoviruses in wildlife is essential for wildlife conservation efforts. This review aims to provide an overview of oncoviruses of veterinary importance in wild animals and their ecological and evolutionary perspectives on transmissibility. These viruses can contribute to declines in population numbers and alter the dynamics of ecosystems. Conservation biologists and veterinarians work to study and manage these diseases to mitigate their impact on wildlife populations.