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Piezoelectricity has emerged as a pivotal platform technology in bioengineering to advance cardiac healthcare. Unlike common pacemakers, these devices capitalize on the mechanical energy derived from cardiac movements to power themselves, presenting a sustainable alternative to the battery constraints faced by the current implantable cardiac devices. This review explores the advances in piezoelectric nanogenerators for cardiac monitoring and therapy, highlighting their capabilities not only to track cardiac activity, but also to provide therapeutic interventions and reliable energy for pacemakers. It also discusses the electric stimulation effects and biocompatible integration with human biology, positioning piezoelectric nanogenerators at the forefront of healthcare solutions, thereby enhancing the effectiveness, durability, and personalized cardiac care.
Xu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.