Impacts of coxa valga and coxa vara on the musculoskeletal system

Coxa valga (CVl) and coxa vara (CVr) are morphological alterations related to the collodiaphyseal angle, which represents the angulation between the femoral neck and the femoral diaphysis. The angle considered normal is 120° to 135°. When the angle is less than 120°, it is called CVr, and when it is greater than 135°, it is called CVl. These alterations affect the musculoskeletal system, impacting the quality of life of those affected. This article aims to highlight the main functional impairments in the skeletal, muscular, and articular systems caused by CVl and CVr. Articles were collected from the MEDLINE and BVS databases, using the descriptors ("coxa valga" OR "coxa vara") in September 2022. Eleven articles were included in the review, with the main results summarized in a PRISMA flowchart. This review highlights the various adverse consequences in the locomotor system associated with the presence of CVl and CVr in affected individuals.