Land Suitability Assessment for White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Ponds Using Geographic Information System in the Mulyorejo Subdistrict, Surabaya, East Java

Based on the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Surabaya for the period 2010-2030, Mulyorejo Subdistrict is designated as a mangrove preservation area that integrates ponds and marshes ecosystems. However, the limited available land and diverse societal conditions have led to economic development focused on natural resources, such as shrimp ponds. In order to ensure responsible and sustainable fisheries and marine utilization, this research aims to analyze the land suitability of L. vannamei ponds in the Mulyorejo Subdistrict using a Geographic Information System (GIS), considering water quality, land use, and geophysics. The methodology employed a land suitability matrix based on scoring and weighting data for each parameter, processed using ArcGIS 10.2 software. Spatial analysis was conducted by overlaying the spatial data of all parameters. Attribute analysis involved summing the scores of all parameters and classifying them into three categories: good (score 81-100), medium (score 63-80), and bad (score 45-62). The obtained data included pH levels ranging from 6.78 to 8.86, salinity levels of 0-25 ppt, nitrate levels of 0.05-0.26 ppt, phosphate levels of 0.04-1.71, soil C/N ratio ranging from 1 to 16, soil types identified as typic epiaquepts and typic endoaquepts, temperature at 28.8°C, evaporation rate of 2.84-4.50 mm/day, annual rainfall of 1,776-2,201 mm, and land use categories comprising settlements, ponds, mangrove forests, and vacant land. Based on the research findings, the land suitability for white shrimp ponds in Mulyorejo Subdistrict covers an area of 425.18 hectares, with the largest portion located in Kalisari Village.