A Systematic Analysis of the Development of Agricultural Modernization and Its Effect on Crop Production in Northeastern China

Agricultural farming problems are the main concerns for states and local governments in stabilizing and increasing food production. Agricultural mechanization is an important element in this scenario. Thus, we conduct a systematic analysis to examine the agricultural mechanization level and its effect on grain production by using panel data and scientific literature mining for the last two decades in northeastern China. For this purpose, the autoregressive distributed lag model, the stochastic frontier model, and bibliometric analysis are employed. The results show that the development level of agricultural mechanization is stable in the region. In terms of scientific research progress in agricultural mechanization, researchers are mainly studying to solve problems related to carbon emissions, green energy, and environmental protection, and overall, a 4.39% growth rate for research publications was found. Also, the statistical analysis shows that variables such as fertilizers (9.808) and agricultural machinery (0.003) have a significant positive impact on the agricultural industry, which indicates that the development of agricultural mechanization has a certain impact on the efficiency of food production. Thus, technological innovation in climate agricultural practices and small-scale farming could be more beneficial to fulfilling the future food demand.