Clinical profile and outcomes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia in Philippine General Hospital

Abstract Objectives. To determine the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia admitted to the University of the Philippines – Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) Methodology. We reviewed the medical and laboratory records of patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophiliapneumonia who were admitted to the UP-PGH from January 2019 to December 2022. Results. A total of 265 patients (50.6% males, median age of 59 years) with S. maltophilia pneumonia were included. Forty-five percent were admitted to the service ward, and 43% were admitted to the ICU. Most patients were ventilator-associated (67.2%). Only three cases were community-acquired. Sixty-four percent of S. maltophilia pneumonia cases were monomicrobial. K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii were the most common isolates in patients with polymicrobial pneumonia. Septic shock was present in 41.5% of the patients. In vitro susceptibility to levofloxacin (90.6%) and minocycline (85.7%) was greater than that to TMP-SMX (75.8%). Most patients received targeted therapy consisting of TMP-SMX monotherapy. In two-thirds of the patients, the duration of antibiotic therapy ranged from 7 to 14 days. The overall mortality rate was 45.3%, with 60.8% attributed to S. maltophilia infection. Conclusion. S. maltophilia pneumonia was common among patients with comorbidities who were on prolonged hospitalization and on mechanical ventilation. It was associated with a high mortality rate.