Migration and Health: Chasing Causality in a Complex World

a. Department of Health Sciences and Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA b. Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco. Funding: The authors report no funding related to this commentary. Conflicts: The authors have no conflicts to report Dr. Crookes is an Assistant Professor and a social epidemiologist whose research examines structural, political, and social factors that shape the health of communities of color in the US. Specifically, her research focuses on understanding how immigrant-related policies, racism and xenophobia affect the health and health care access of immigrant and subsequent US-born generations. Dr. Torres is an Associate Professor with a broad focus on how policies, societal factors, and family dynamics intersect to shape health and health inequities. As part of this work, she has completed research on migration and health from several angles, including the role of immigrants' social networks in shaping health outcomes via mechanisms of cross-national connection and separation; the relationships between family-member migration and the health of those who remain in countries of origin; and the impacts of both restrictive and inclusive policies on the health of immigrants and their family members. Editor's Note: A related article is on p. XXX. Corresponding Author: Jacqueline M. Torres, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94143, [email protected]