Effects of diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and low-density lipoprotein levels on survival in patients with cervical cancer

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a prevalent malignancy and an important health concern worldwide. Recent research highlighted the potential impact of metabolic factors (such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes) on cancer progression, increased mortality and patient outcomes. However, insufficient data have been reported regarding their relationship with cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between metabolic factor disorders (such as dyslipidemia and dysglycemia) and survival in cervical cancer patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed demographic information, clinical characteristics, and metabolic health indicators. Cervical patients were divided into four groups: high triglyceride, high low-density lipoprotein, high cholesterol and diabetes groups. The log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate between different patient groups and identify the associated risk factors. Survival curves generated via the Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate the associations between metabolic parameters and survival. Results The Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze data from 840 cervical cancer patients between 28 and 72 years old who underwent surgery. The hazard ratio (HR) of mortality was 1.804 (95% CI: 1.394–2.333, p < 0.001) in the high-density lipoprotein group, 0.758 (95% CI: 0.558 to 1.030, p < 0.001) in the high-triglyceride group, 1.794 (95% CI: 1.304–2.470, p < 0.001) in the high low-density lipoprotein group, and 0.011 (95% CI: 0.005–0.025, p < 0.001) in the diabetes group. These factors were significantly associated with reduced survival in cervical cancer patients, and these associations persisted after adjusting for age, cancer stage, and treatment type. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of metabolic health and the importance of controlling metabolic disorders (such as hyperlipidemia and diabetes) to improve survival outcomes in patients with cervical cancer.