The Mandibular Advancement Devices Induce Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent breathing-related disorder characterized by intermittent airflow cessation due to upper airway narrowing or collapse. Polysomnography is the gold standard diagnostic test for sleep disorders, including sleep apnea. This study evaluates the efficacy of mandibular advancement devices, specifically the MSI, by examining changes in various physiological parameters. Methods: Twenty patients with mild to moderate OSA risk, selected from 500 patients attending Khanzad Teaching Hospital, were treated with MSI for three months with a 3mm advancement. Physiological records were obtained before and after treatment using a portable sleep study device. Results: Significant changes were observed after three months of treatment. The Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI)/Respiratory Event Index (REI) showed a slight reduction from 30.5 to 28 events, but this change was statistically non-significant. The Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) significantly decreased from 49.42 to 35.94. The Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) showed a significant reduction from 34.25 to 33.97. Blood oxygen levels (spO2%) improved from 77.85% to 89.7%. The pulse rate frequency (50-75 bpm) changed from 80.17 to 81.91, which was non-significant. Respiratory desaturations decreased from 162.5 to 144, obstructive apnea events reduced from 34.7 to 19.65 (approximately 15%), and hypopnea events decreased from 144.25 to 107.3. Conclusion: Statistically significant improvements were recorded in the ODI, spO2%, desaturations, and RDI, except for the AHI/REI and pulse rate, which showed non-significant differences. Mandibular advancement at a range of 0.5 mm was better tolerated by patients than 0.5 mm per week advancements.