Antiretroviral Therapy and Cancers: Dolutegravir, Ritonavir and Zidovudine Have Toxic Effects on the Viability of Cal-27 Cancer Cell Line

Introduction: Effective HIV management through Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is a crucial step in managing AIDSrelated Kaposi sarcoma, as emphasized by Kat [1]. Treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in HIV patients significantly improves clinical outcomes Rengan et al. [2]. According to the American Cancer Society (2019), NSCLC encompasses squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma, constituting about 85% of lung cancer cases. Methods: This study addressed the question of whether both DTG and RTV have the ability to inhibit mitosis of CAL-27 cell line when compared to zidovudine. Results: A review of the dose response pattern versus efficacy against cancer cell viability of the selected ARDS revealed that these drugs have anti-mitotic properties. and may relieve patients of not only HIV infection, but also the additional burden of HIV-cancer. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the efficacies of the drugs, at 0.05 significance level (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The antiretroviral compounds, (Zidovudine, Dolutegravir and Ritonavir) significantly suppress the viability of Cal-27 oral cancer cells, when compared to the control groups.