In situ measurements and simulations of a net cage in currents

Accurate predictions of net cages' deformation under current loads are vitally important for the welfare of stocked fish and the safety of cage structures. In this study, a scaled cage model was deployed at a fish farm. The incoming flow profile was measured through an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) with high resolution in the depth direction, and the flow inside the cage was measured through an Acoustic Doppler Vector (ADV). Pressure tags were applied to capture the lifting of the cage under varying current conditions. The incoming flow velocity shows a good correlation with the lifting of the cage, and in general the rate of the cage being lifted by the flow increases with flow speed. However, the flow speed measured inside the cage is much less correlated to the upstream flow and cage deformation. Numerical cage models consisting of truss elements were developed; two flow reduction factors r = 0.9 and 0.8 derived from empirical formulas and measurements inside cages in previous studies were applied. The numerical model with r = 0.8 can predict the cage deformation well, with most relative deviations in the depth directions being less than 15%. The study indicates the feasibility of applying pressure tags with high precision to estimate current-induced cage deformation in situ, especially when a cage is experiencing obvious deformation.