Characterization of lead dioxide composite electrode and its electrochemical properties

TiO 2 nanoparticles, as a typical inert metal oxide, were added into [Formula: see text] plating solutions to prepare Ti/PbO 2 +nano-TiO 2 composite coatings. The effect of TiO 2 nanoparticles on the electrodeposition process of PbO 2 was investigated by voltammetric studies. The composition, structure and morphology of the obtained composite coatings were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to study the effect of nano-TiO 2 particles on the PbO 2 electrodeposition process. It is found that high doping (2–8 g/L) of TiO 2 nanoparticles significantly decreased the crystallite size which can be attributed to a crystallite-refining effect of nano-TiO 2 during the electrodeposition of PbO 2 .