Estimation of Several Immunological Parameters in Patients with Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Herpes in Hilla Province

Abstract Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox syndrome and infection of shingles (herpes zoster). A case-control study was conducted to analyze the serum levels of cytokines (IL-17, IL-22, and TNF), which are involved in cellular and humoral immunity, as well as the serum levels of anti-VZV IgG and IgM antibodies. This study aimed to determine the extent of activation of both cellular and humoral immunity in these patients compared to that in the control group. In this study, serum cytokines (IL-17, IL-22, and TNF), as well as IgG and IgM, were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test (ELISA). The concentrations of cytokines in the VZV virus and herpesvirus supernatant groups were significantly greater than those in the control group. Our results confirmed the activation of the dominant immune system, which includes both humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity. The levels of cytokines involved in cellular and humoral immunity continued to increase. These results support widespread activation of the immune system, which includes both cellular and humoral immunity, suggesting that a definite diagnosis is useful for determining patient prognosis