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Cancer is characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells in the body and remains a formidable challenge in modern medicine. The immune system consists of innate and adaptive components that play the role of the body's defense line against any abnormal cells, including cancerous ones. However, cancer cells can evade the immune system through various mechanisms, posing a significant obstacle to effective treatment. Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma (SBA), a rare malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, presents unique challenges due to limited treatment options and relatively poor outcomes. Recent advances in immunotherapy offer promising avenues for addressing these challenges. Immunotherapy harnesses the body's immune system to recognize and target cancer cells specifically, offering a potentially transformative approach to SBA treatment. In this review, we will discuss small-bowel adenocarcinoma with the therapy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and recognize the ongoing clinical trials in immunotherapy to expand its potential as a wide approach by exploring its effectiveness.
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Wong et al. (2024) studied this question.
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