Renal Hydatid Cyst in Children: A Case Report

The hydatid cyst, or hydatidosis, is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the development of the larval form of the Echinococcus granulosus tapeworm in humans after accidental ingestion of embryonated eggs, which hatch into oncospheres and transform into hydatid cysts. Renal hydatid cyst is extremely rare in children. The positive diagnosis relies on epidemiological, clinical, radiological, and biological arguments. The standard treatment remains surgery. We report the case of a 5-year-old male child hospitalized for an isolated renal hydatid cyst fistulized into the urinary tract, revealed by lumbalgia and hydatiduria with a proteus mirabilis urinary infection on the cytobacteriological examination of urine. Paraclinical examinations, including ultrasound and uro-CT -scan, aided in diagnosis. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of renal hydatidosis. Management was conservative surgical, with partial pericystectomy performed in our patient, resulting in a favorable outcome.