Increased solidification delays fragmentation and suppresses rebound of impacting drops

Drops impacting supercooled surfaces adhere to them due to contact line pinning and their solidification. However, distinguishing the influence of each phenomenon on post-impact behavior is challenging since even repellent materials exhibit some drop adhesion. In this study, we examine the impact of water and alkane drops on an omniphobic dry ice surface. We show that the solidification extent within the drop, combined with thermal, elastic, and surface tension forces, dictate outcomes like fragmentation, rebound, or no-bounce. Our findings have critical implications for material design in 3D printing, frost-resistant coatings, and safe biological material transport in cold climates.