Study of combined pump-driven thermosyphon loops in data centers

This paper introduces a combined pump-driven thermosyphon loops (CPDTLs) system that consolidates chip-level and room-level heat dissipation pathways for efficient heat removal from both CPUs and other heat-generating components within servers in data centers. The study elucidates the system's underlying principles and demonstrates its application in a single-cabinet data room with a 10 kW IT full-load power capacity, followed by a comprehensive performance evaluation. The experimental computer room is located in Xiangyang City, Hubei, China, with server full-load testing initiated in February 2022. Data from typical days during transitional seasons, summer, and winter are examined. The findings reveal that the average daily heat dissipation power usage effectiveness (PUE) of the computer room is 1.06 in winter, 1.10 during transitional seasons, and 1.18 in summer. Employing interpolation and extrapolation techniques, the study estimates the heat dissipation performance of the computer room under varying ambient temperatures based on the collected data. Furthermore, the annual hourly energy consumption of the computer room is predicted using typical weather day data from Harbin, Beijing, Kunming, and Guangzhou. These predictions indicate that the PUE values for the four cities are 1.085, 1.1, 1.087, and 1.139, respectively.