The Qualitative Historical Origins of Mad Studies in Word and Deed, 1436–1914

Periodically from the 15th to early 20th centuries, mad people left written accounts of their experiences. Originally written by upper- and middle-class White authors who had both the money and literacy skills to record their thoughts, since the late 19th century, the diversity of mad people’s writings has increased to reflect more representative experiences regarding class, gender and, to a lesser extent, race and disability. The origins of what is now called “Mad Studies” can be found among writers discussed here, though long before such a field came to formally exist. From the 18th century, there were also individuals and organized groups who challenged abusive practices and attitudes toward mad people, whose efforts are precursors to recent activist histories. This article reflects on how Mad Studies is the direct beneficiary of centuries of critical analyses and activism by mad people long before contemporary times.