General complication of laparoscopic surgery, necesary review

Introduction: “Minimal Access Surgery” began in animal laboratories and was later studied in selected academic centers where it was imported to community hospitals only when its benefits and safety were established. Objectives: To conduct a detailed review of Complications of laparoscopic surgery with emphasis on those related to entry into the abdominal cavity and bile duct surgery given their high frequency and lethality. Subject and methods: A detailed search of literature published in Spanish and English was carried out through PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane's registry of systematic reviews and randomized controlled studies, using key words such as “laparoscopic entry”, “trocars injury”, “laparoscopy”. complications”, “laparoscopic injury” and “optical trocars”. Meta-analyses, randomized clinical studies, clinical guidelines, review articles and case series were mainly selected.Conclusions: Laparoscopy is a relatively safe procedure, however, great care must be taken during access to the abdominal cavity because the majority of complications occur during entry.