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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, necessitating effective risk assessment strategies for early intervention and prevention. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring has emerged as a promising tool for refining risk stratification, particularly in individuals with borderline or intermediate risk profiles. This comprehensive study examines the role of CAC scoring in enhancing cardiovascular risk assessment, elucidating its utility, limitations, and implications for clinical practice. Through a systematic review of literature and analysis of pertinent studies, this paper evaluates the predictive value of CAC scoring, its integration into existing risk assessment algorithms, and its impact on clinical decision -making. Furthermore, it explores the synergistic relationship between CAC scoring and traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking, in optimizing risk prediction models. Additionally, the study investigates the potential of CAC scoring in guiding personalized treatment strategies, including the initiation and titration of statin therapy, and its relevance in the era of precision medicine. Moreover, considerations regarding cost -effectiveness, radiation exposure, and patient acceptability are addressed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the feasibility and implications of implementing CAC scoring in routine clinical practice. By synthesizing evidence from diverse sources, this study aims to offer insights into the transformative role of CAC scoring in cardiovascular risk assessment and its implications for improving patient outcomes.
Ruquaiya Quddus (Sun,) studied this question.