Food temperature altered macronutrients induced changes in satiety hormones; glucagon - like peptide -1 and cholecystokinin and their correlation with subjective satiety

The benefits of dietary macronutrients for weight management depend on the integrity of gut hormones. The role of food temperature in the release of satiety hormones and satiety needs elucidation. We aimed to determine the impact of different food temperatures with varying macronutrient compositions on satiety-related gut hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and cholecystokinin (CCK) and find the correlation of satiety hormones with appetite scores and remainder-day food (energy) intake.