Matrix-Pencil-Based Waterflow Velocity Detection Method by 24 GHz Millimetre-Wave Radar

In this letter, a waterflow velocity detection method with a 24 GHz millimetre-wave radar is presented based on a modified matrix-pencil (MP) method to alleviate the issue of stochastic waterflow surface fluctuation-induced Doppler shifts aliases in the received echo. Initially, by leveraging the echo superposition characteristics of scattering point targets, the millimetre-wave radar echo exponential polynomial model is established. Subsequently, the MP method is modified to find the low-rank approximation of the received echo for waterflow velocity estimation. The results of the 24 GHz millimetre-wave radar experiments show that the mutual difference between the modified MP-detected waterflow velocities in two azimuths is 0.036 m/s, which demonstrate the better validity and efficacy of the proposed method compared with the traditional compressive sensing and singular value decomposition methods.