This analysis reveals conditions for paratopological gyrogroups to embed as subgyrogroups, indicating topological properties that matter.
We present a characterization of paratopological gyrogroups that can be topologically embedded as subgyrogroups into a product of first-countable Tᵢ paratopological gyrogroups for $i = 0, 1, 2$. Specifically, we demonstrate that a strongly paratopological gyrogroup G is topologically isomorphic to a subgyrogroup of a topological product of first-countable T₁ strongly paratopological gyrogroups if and only if G is T₁, $ω$-balanced and the weakly Hausdorff number of G is countable. This means that for every neighborhood U of the identity 0 in G, there exists a countable family $γ$ of neighborhoods of 0 such that for all V ∈γ, V∈γ (⊖ V)⊆ U. Similarly, we prove that a strongly paratopological gyrogroup G is topologically isomorphic to a subgyrogroup of a topological product of first-countable Hausdorff strongly paratopological gyrogroups if and only if G is Hausdorff, $ω$-balanced and the Hausdorff number of G is countable. This means that for every neighborhood U of the identity 0 in G, there exists a countable family $γ$ of neighborhoods of 0 such that for all V ∈γ, V∈γ (V V)⊆ U.
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Jin et al. (2025) studied this question.
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