Industrial Use of Steam Power as a Solution to Mine Drainage in Almaden

A historical improvement process was realized through the traditional drainage methods used in the Almadén mines, such as the use of the hand winch or the winch systems that used human and animal power, until the application of the first steam engine in 1785. The steam engine solution significantly improved the mine drainage process, despite the inconveniences caused by the technological transfer of steam, the lack of technical knowledge, and inadequate materials or consumables. The solution to the problem was provided by using electricity in the following periods. Although the steam engine was used at a lower performance due to the indicated inadequacies, the drainage process was operated and production was increased in the Almadén mines.