Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) are a rare and fatal malignancy accounting for 1-2 percent of all thyroid cancers. Paired Box Gene-8 (PAX 8) is an important transcription factor which is persistently expressed in differentiated thyroid carcinomas, however recent literature suggests up to 76-78 percent expression in patients with ATC indicating possible diagnostic utility. Here we present a case of undifferentiated carcinoma with a pathologic and clinical dilemma of the primary tissue being tracheal versus thyroid, which was answered by the PAX 8 Immunostain.
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Chauhan et al. (2024) studied this question.
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