The Legal Foundations of the First Judicial Reform in the Ottoman Empire: The Commercial Court as a Model

The judiciary is one of the most important institutions upon which civilized countries and societies rely to achieve justice and apply laws. It is the effective tool that people turn to when they disagree and document covenants to become official, that is, to preserve rights. It is the institution through which justice, security and stability prevail in societies. Especially if the characteristics of justice and integrity are associated with this institution. From this standpoint, the research was named ((The legal foundations of the first judicial reform of the commercial court as a model)) and was divided into two sections. The first dealt with the formation of commercial arbitration councils: which represented the first signs of the emergence of legal foundations concerned with regulating trade affairs and commercial transactions, while the second section was devoted to To study commercial courts: which included the legal foundations for the formation of the first court specialized in commercial cases and on modern foundations in the Ottoman Empire and the relevant laws that accompanied it.