Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Serum Lipid Metabolism and Its Mechanism in Industrial Trans Fatty Acids Induced Obesity Rats

Objective: To study the effects of GSPE on the serum lipids induced by industrial trans fatty acids (ITFAs) in obese rats and its possible mechanism. Design and method: Forty-five newly weaned male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 rats in each group. The control group were fed with basal diet, ITFAs group was fed with ITFAs diet, ITFAs +GSPE group were fed with ITFAs diet, and GSPE 100 mg /kg/day1 ml were gavaged daily, and the other two groups were given corresponding volume of normal saline. Weights were monitored weekly. After 10 weeks of intervention, blood were collected from the inferior vena cava, fat coefficient were calculated, serum lipid, mRNA and protein expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in adipose tissue were detected. Results: At the 10th week after intervention, the body weight of rats in ITFAs group was significantly higher than that in control group. The body weight and visceral fat coefficient of rats in ITFAs group were higher than that in ITFAs+GSPE group, and there were different degrees of dyslipidemia. The mRNA expression levels of ATGL and HSL in Adipose tissue of ITFAs group and ITFAs+GSPE group were significantly decreased, while the mRNA expression levels of LPL were significantly increased. HSL protein expression level was significantly decreased and LPL protein expression level was significantly increased in ITFAs group. The mRNA expression levels of ATGL and HSL in ITFAs+G group were higher than those in ITFAs group, while the mRNA expression level of LPL was lower than that in ITFAs group. All the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: ITFAs can induce obesity and changes in serum lipid levels in rats by acting on the expression of key enzymes in fat metabolism, and grape seed proanthocyanidins have a certain protective effect on serum lipid metabolism disorders in obese rats induced by ITFAs.