This article examines the many names for China given to her by neighbouring peoples from the Han to the Yuan periods using documents from the Silk Road. It also surveys the many names given to the Middle Kingdom in Chinese (including Buddhist and ‘Nestorian’ Christian) sources and asks why these were not reflected in the way in which China was named by her neighbours and foreign occupiers.
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Samuel N. C. Lieu (2024) studied this question.
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