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An equation that determines the numbers of electrons for molecules is proposed based on chemical common sense. It shows that all molecules are entangled in number of electrons and results in the fundamental assumption of molecular energy convexity that underpins molecular quantum mechanics. It also leads to the concept of fractional numbers of electrons for molecules in a statistical sense. The energy of a molecule is piecewise linear with respect to its continuous number of electrons. Wavefunction interpretation of this equation of nature shows that an individual molecule with noninteger number of electrons is locally physical, whereas a molecule with integer number of electrons is locally real. The complete theoretical proof of the equation is still to be had.
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Jing Kong (2024) studied this question.
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