Distribution, Preservation Characteristics of Land and River Natural Aggregates in Nonsan City, Korea

Natural aggregate is an essential resource for human activities, closely related to construction.The aggregate demand has been increasing annually, and due to the nature of the resource, it is difficult to procure from distant locations.This study identifies the distribution and characteristics of aggregate-bearing areas as part of a municipal-level aggregate resource survey conducted in Nonsan City, Korea, in 2023.Nonsan City is located approximately 35 km straight distance from the Geum River estuary and lies at the passageway of the main stream of the Geum River.The topography of Nonsan City features eastern mountainous areas and western plains, creating an east-high-west-low geomorphic setting, with 33 streams distributed across the city, including tributaries of the Geum River like Nonsan Stream, Noseong Stream, and Ganggyeong Stream.All streams originate from the highlands in the north and east, converge with Nonsan Stream, and then join the west bank of the main stream of the Geum River at the western boundary of Nonsan City.Drilling core results show shallow depths in the highlands to the north and east, deepening towards the west, reaching a maximum depth of 25 m near the main stream of the Geum River.The total reserve of land aggregates is calculated to be 246,789,000 m 3 , with a developable amount of 172,750,000 m 3 .The total reserve of river aggregates is 5,236,000 m 3 , with a developable amount of 3,765,000 m 3 .The distribution of aggregates varies according to the geomorphic, geologic, and development pattern of the river system.Reserves are scarce in mountainous areas but are abundant in regions with rivers and wide alluvial plains, although reserves appear at depths greater than 4m.The distribution of aggregate resources in Nonsan City is influenced by stream activities and sea level changes, with the tidal range of the Yellow Sea acting as an unfavorable condition for the preservation of aggregate resources.