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The dynamic changes of amniotic fluid during pregnancy are crucial for the development, protection, defense and nutrition of the fetus. Amniotic fluid contains a variety of trace biomarkers, such as microRNA, free DNA, reactive oxygen species, interleukin and metabolomics, etc., which are of great significance for fetal health, diagnosis and drug control of various diseases. This article reviews the latest advances in the detection of microbial markers in amniotic fluid, and introduces the methods of amniotic fluid collection and attention. In addition, the biological approach to amniotic fluid testing is discussed. Finally, the challenges of amniotic fluid sample testing are discussed, with a view to promoting the clinical application of amniotic fluid in the field of assisted reproduction.
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Liu et al. (2024) studied this question.
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