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Background: Acute liver injury (ALI) induced by acetaminophen, a prevalent trouble, may cause acute liver failure. Curcumin possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties. While its poor solubility and rapid metabolism cause a limited therapeutic effect. Nano-formulation might overcome this shortage and enable enhanced properties. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has received great attention through offering multiple pleiotropic effects for tissue repair and regeneration in diversity of research. This could be mediated through their inhibition of oxidative-stress, inflammation, and fibrosis as well as their paracrine trophic effect. Aim of the work: Comparing the probable therapeutic impact of curcumin nanoparticles versus MSCs injection in acetaminophen ALI rat model. Materials & Methods: Thirty-four male albino rats aged 3 months were splited into donor group, group I (Control), group II (Acetaminophen), group III (Recovery), group IV (Acetaminophen + Nanocurcumin) & group V (Acetaminophen + MSCs). At the end of experimental duration, biochemical analysis for serum alanine transferase (ALT) albumin, total bilirubin, and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), histological, immunohistochemical studies for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) & alfa-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and statistical assessments were performed.Results: Acetaminophen group recorded high ALT, bilirubin & liver MDA levels and low albumin values. While there was insignificant increase in collagen fiber deposition, GFAP & α-SMA immunoreactivity versus the control. In addition, disorganized hepatic lobule architecture, some hepatocytes with densely stained nuclei & cytoplasmic vacuolation, and inflammatory infiltration were observed. The recovery group illustrated marked aggravation of previously stated findings. However, treatment with curcumin nanoparticles and MSCs ameliorated hepatocytes injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis with MSCs superiority.Conclusion: Both curcumin nanoparticles and MSCs treatment exerted a therapeutic effect against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. However, MSCs treatment provoked better influences on restoring hepatocellular structure and function.
El-Shafei et al. (Thu,) studied this question.