Synthesis of indium oxide nanofibers using electrospinning method towards gas sensor application

Indium oxide nanofibers (NFs) were synthesized through a two‐step process involving electrospinning followed by calcination. The structural, microstructural, morphological, and elemental characteristics were thoroughly analyzed using techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive spectrometry (EDS) mapping. The characterization of the In 2 O 3 NFs revealed their consistent thickness, structural integrity, and high purity. The nanofibers revealed a uniform diameter spanning from 20 to 50 nm. Upon subjecting the as‐spun nanofibers to heat treatment at 500 °C for 2 h, elongated In 2 O 3 nanofibers containing necked nanoparticles were successfully obtained. The first tests of ammonia sensing were done from 250 to 450 °C; the In 2 O 3 NFs sensor presented a good response of 2.05–100 ppm NH 3 at an operation temperature of 300 °C.