Geographical Boundaries of Orientalism and Oxy Centralism and Their Reflections on Different Geographies

Throughout history, the West's efforts to establish hegemony in the political, cultural and economic spheres have taken the form of marginalizing non-Western societies and positioning itself at the center. This situation is concretized by the West seeing itself as advanced and other societies as backward and primitive. The relationship of hegemony and superiority that the West seeks to establish over non-Western societies has gained strength with orientalism and has prepared a favorable environment for the development of occidentalism in non-Western societies over time. The concepts of Orientalism, which means looking at the East from a Western perspective, and Occidentalism, which means looking at the West from an Eastern perspective, are important in terms of East-West relations. The concepts of Orientalism and Occidentalism have acquired different meanings over time. As a result, the boundaries of Orientalism and Occidentalism have changed. The aim of this study is to determine the field, boundaries and reflections of orientalism and occidentalism in different geographies within the framework of the basic principles of geography. For this purpose, explanatory criticism method was preferred. In addition, through the Geographic Information Systems program, the geographical boundaries of Orientalism and Occidentalism have been made concrete by associating them with space.