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Salmonella Typhi is a zoonotic pathogen responsible for a life-threatening bloodstream infection that is common in places with limited sanitation and hygiene. This study aimed to characterize the resistance genes and sequence type (ST) of Salmonella Paratyphi isolated from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) undergoing treatment at Fundação HEMOAM, in the north of Brazil. Phenotypic identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using the VITEK-2 system. The genomic DNA was sequenced in Illumina® equipment. Resistance genes were identified through the Genome Annotation Service. The microbiological examination of the blood culture identified S. Paratyphi B. Regarding resistance genes, aminoglycoside acetyltransferase aac(6')-Iaa mutations in the Gly133Glu position of GyrA and Ile249Met of ParC were identified. Multilocus sequence typing detected the ST 313 sequence type. Salmonella Paratyphi B isolated from the acute myeloid leukemia patient showed cross-resistance with other antibiotics such as quinolones and tetracyclines, which resulted from mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region and efflux pump systems.
Ferreira et al. (Wed,) studied this question.