Transthoracic echocardiography-guided PBMV for severe rheumatic mitral stenosis with pregnancy

Learning Point for Clinicians: 1. Younger patients are suitable for 11 percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty; 2. As a guiding method 12 for interventional procedures, transthoracic echocardiography is 13 suitable for PBMV in some special patients; 3.With the 14 advancement of ultrasound technology, interventional procedures 15 guided by transthoracic echocardiography will be increasingly 16 implemented.17 Background: The currently invasive strategies for mitral valve 18 stenosis include percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty(PBMV) 19 and Surgical replacement.Most PBMV procedures are guided by 20 fluoroscopy [1-3] .For some patients, such as pregnancy, the use of 21 radiation may have an impact on the fetus.We report a case of 22 PBMV guided by transthoracic-echocardiography.