Cladribine chemotherapy of multifocal, multisystemic form of Rosai–Dorfman disease: literature review and case report

Rosai–Dorfman disease is the most frequent variant of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Local forms can be resected or irradiated. If the process involves multiple organs, systemic chemotherapy can cure some patients. This article includes literature review and a case report of a 34-year-old patient with multifocal, multisystemic form of Rosai–Dorfman disease with bone and pleural involvement. The diagnosis was based on histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular studies of tumor tissue. Since November 2021, 6 courses of chemotherapy with cladribine and 8 infusions of zolendronic acid were carried out with achievement of durable remission. The tolerance was acceptable.