Scaled-laboratory demonstrations of deep-turbulence conditions

This paper uses five spatially distributed reflective liquid-crystal phase modulators (LcPMs) to accurately simulate deep-turbulence conditions in a scaled-laboratory environment. In practice, we match the Fresnel numbers for long-range, horizontal-path scenarios using optical trombones and relays placed between the reflective LcPMs. Similar to computational wave-optic simulations, we also command repeatable high-resolution phase screens to the reflective LcPMs with the proper path-integrated spatial and temporal Kolmogorov statistics.