A Large-Scale Mixed Reality Stadium for Training Combination Tactics in Basketball

Abstract This paper proposes a mixed reality (MR)-based large-scale environment for training combination tactics in basketball. This MR environment enables human players to practice various combination tactics such as ball passing and screens with virtual players overlaid in the real environment using a see-through head-mounted display (HMD). Positions of human players and the ball were tracked using an optical motion capture system and transmitted to a unity-based control system, facilitating quantitative and real-time evaluation of gameplay. The evaluation was conducted through coaching experiments using the MR system involving novice players, along with validation evaluation experiments between the developed environment and real space through skilled basketball players. The coaching experiment with novice learners demonstrated that the proposed MR environment was more effective than conventional methods for training combination tactics.Additionally, the validation experiment with skilled players showed no significant differences in player behavior between the proposed environment and the real space, suggesting that the observed coaching results could be transferrable to real courts. These results demonstrate the potential of MR technology in skill training involving multiplayer coordination.