Modelling an Electric Vehicle Smart Grid: Sustainability, Integration, and Optimisation

Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining substantial traction in the transportation industry, which is a crucial driver in the mobility revolution. Electric vehicles have sparked considerable interest around the world. However, because coal accounts for over two-thirds of India's electricity generation, charging EVs with this energy only moves pollution from highways to other regions of the country where the power plant is located. To address these problems and maximize the potential of EVs within the context of current power infrastructure, an intelligent and efficient residential smart grid model must be developed. This study offers a dynamic and adaptive smart grid paradigm based on solar energy, with the goal of accelerating the transition of EVs to an eco-friendly electric transportation future.This paper describes the proposed smart grid model's architecture, operation, and practicality. It also provides a solid basis for developing an electric vehicle smart grid model to optimize EV charging, improve grid stability, and aid in sustainable energy management. The author's smart grid model includes the installation of EV chargers, smart meters capable of remotely reading electricity use, remote service connection and disconnection, and the delivery of electricity to neighbouring homes that require the service. The potential benefits of this proposed smart grid approach in steering the transition to sustainable and electric transportation are thoroughly studied. The model's validation includes an examination of energy consumption patterns among various user segments, as well as an investigation of customers' proclivity to adopt solar systems. Following the collection of data on the capital and maintenance costs of solar systems from various vendors, an evaluation of the costs associated with the proposed smart grid model is carried out, supported by a full mathematical analysis, including breakeven considerations. The findings show that the smart grid model can effectively function as a sustainable mechanism for charging vehicles and supplying residential electricity.