Energy-Efficient Controller Tuning for Benchmark Nonlinear Systems: DC Motor, Inverted Pendulum, and Process Models

This research presents an energy-efficient controller tuning methodology for benchmark nonlinear systems, focusing on DC motor drives, inverted pendulum systems, and standard process control models. The proposed approach integrates advanced optimization algorithms with nonlinear control techniques to achieve superior trade-offs between stability, accuracy, and energy consumption. Simulation studies are carried out to evaluate dynamic performance under varying operating conditions, highlighting significant improvements in transient response, steady-state error reduction, and robustness against disturbances. Experimental validation on laboratory-scale setups further confirms the practical applicability of the methodology, demonstrating reduced energy usage while maintaining desired control objectives. Comparative results with conventional tuning techniques establish the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in enhancing both system performance and sustainability. This work provides a scalable framework for energy-aware controller design applicable to a wide range of industrial and robotic control applications.