Advances in Risk Stratification of Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a fatal complication of severe venous thromboembolic disease with high morbidity and mortality. Risk stratification is one of the cornerstones of APE management and determines the choice of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Multiple approaches to APE risk stratification have been developed to identify patients with high-risk PE who require urgent thrombolytic therapy or those with low-risk PE who can be safely managed in the outpatient setting, but risk stratification of the heterogeneous population of patients with intermediate-risk PE remains challenging. In this article, we will summarize the risk stratification methods for APE that are widely used in clinical practice and the treatment options for different risk stratification to provide evidence for precision treatment of patients with APE in clinical practice.