The Main Issue of Political Economy as an Integral Part of Marxism

The article examines the fundamental problem associated with the definition of the initial category of political economy as an integral part of Marxism. The study of this issue is necessary for a holistic materialistic understanding of history. The author associates the solution of this problem with the formation of an integral theoretical system of a humanistic society. The author considers "man" as the generic "beginning" of this science. This allows us to rethink the logic of socio-economic development of society, to form at a strict categorical level its holistic scientific concept in a humanistic dimension. The paper examines in detail the discussions of the political economy of socialism in the Soviet period, which allows us to identify the main contradictions and form generalizing conclusions.