Spatial Planning Organization of the Territory of the Olympic Games: Problems and Trends

The Olympic Games are short-term mega-events, the planning process of which, however, is used for realization of non-sport, city, and regional programs. In recent decades, the spatial planning model of the Olympics has been aimed at transforming the urban space and environment. It often becomes a catalyst for urban transformations within the strategic plan of the city with ever closer integration of the concept of sustainable development. However, it is worth noting that the event itself is not a sufficient element of sustainable renewal of the environment. After all, the implementation of the mega event, as well as the scale and acceleration, can create a construction boom, which is not necessarily synonymous with effective and sustainable urban or regional planning. Historically, cities fiercely competed fiercely for the right to host the event. However, mega events seem to be losing their appeal. Fewer and fewer cities want to participate in tenders for hosting the Olympics, and city leaders are demanding more favorable contracts for hosting events from the International Olympic Committee. Thus, there are changes in approaches to planning an Olympic infrastructure, including sports facilities, as well as to the Olympic legacy and the Olympic agglomeration as a whole. In this article, the main problems of the spatial planning organization of the territory of the Olympics and the trends of their solution are outlined on the examples of the models of the Olympics in Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo - 2026 (Italy), Stockholm-Ore 2026 (Sweden) and Bern 2030 (Switzerland). Despite the failure of the most innovative bids of Sweden and Switzerland to win the tender for the Olympics, it is they who form a new norm in the concepts of implementing the mega event for the coming decades. Thus, at this stage the Olympic Games continue to change over time, as there is always the risk of repeating the story when the Olympics ceased to exist in the fourth century AD due to the loss of interest of cities and sponsors.