This case report describes the death of a 73-year-old man who suffered a fatal myocardial infarction following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Post-mortem examination and imaging revealed the presence of an atrioesophageal fistula (AEF) leading to gas embolism at various sites of the heart including the right coronary artery. Atrioesophageal fistulas are rare complications of pulmonary vein isolation with high mortality rates.
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Hartmann et al. (2024) studied this question.
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