A comparison of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor kidney outcome trial participants with a real-world chronic kidney disease primary care population

Observational studies suggest sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor kidney outcome trials are not representative of the broader population of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are limited data on the generalizability to those without co-existing type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the representativeness of the Study of Heart and Kidney Protection with Empagliflozin (EMPA-KIDNEY) trial has not been adequately explored. We hypothesized that SGLT2 inhibitor kidney outcome trials are more representative of people with co-existing T2D than those without, and that EMPA-KIDNEY is more representative than previous trials.