“Broken souls” vs. “mad ax man” – The portrayal of depression and schizophrenia in the German media. A comparison between 2010 and 2020

Purpose Population studies show the stigma of depression to diminish, while the stigma of schizophrenia increases. To find out whether this widening gap is reflected in media portrayal of both disorders, this study compares the portrayal of depression and schizophrenia in German print media in 2010 vs. 2020. Methods We conducted a qualitative content analysis using a mixed deductive-inductive approach to establish a category system. In total, we analyzed 854 articles with the summative approach by Mayring. Results The study found a widening gap in the portrayal of schizophrenia and depression in German media between 2010 and 2020. Schizophrenia was depicted increasingly negative between 2010 and 2020, covering more negative stereotypes and focusing on its biological causes. Depression received increased attention and more neutral und professional coverage, with a greater emphasis on psychosocial causes and discussion of treatment options. Conclusion By showing a widening gap the study highlights how media may shape public views on mental illnesses and reflects public attitudes at the same time. It emphasizes the need for responsible reporting to combat stigma and promote understanding. Therefore, the authors recommend a balanced coverage that includes accurate professional information about all mental illnesses.