In the realm of policy implementation, the Village Community Development and Empowerment Program (PPMD) in Indonesia is evidence of the state’s commitment to promoting sustainable development and empowerment at the grassroots (village) level. To understand the conditions and challenges in interpreting policies into impactful actions, Grindle’s Policy Implementation Theory offers invaluable insights. According to Grindle, policy context elements include: (a) power, interests, and strategies of actors involved, (b) institution and regime characteristics, and (c) compliance and responsiveness. By applying this theory to the Indonesian scenario, we will gain a deeper understanding of the implementation context of the Village Community Development and Empowerment Program.
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Zulhakim et al. (2024) studied this question.
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