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The 21st century witnessed the emergence of pivotal viral outbreaks, shaping global health and demanding robust responses. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Influenza H1N1 pdm 2009 (swine flu), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic reshaped public health strategies, emphasizing international collaboration and preparedness. Alongside these major pandemics, viruses like Ebola, Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue garnered attention due to their significant impacts. Each virus posed unique challenges, affecting diverse regions and populations globally. Understanding their origins, transmission, symptoms, impacts, and control measures has been crucial. These outbreaks underscored the necessity for proactive global health measures, highlighting the interconnectedness of healthcare systems and the imperative for coordinated responses to mitigate the effects of emerging infectious diseases, shaping a new paradigm for future preparedness and response strategies.
Mohanasundari et al. (2024) studied this question.