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The integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been proposed as a key technique to support the next generation traffic with stringent quality-of-service (QoS) requirements through sensing and communicating using the same radio frequency and hardware. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has also emerged to simultaneously deliver information and energy to a receiver. However, how to integrate ISAC with SWIPT to support the stringent QoS traffic has imposed many new challenges not encountered before. To overcome these challenges, in this paper we propose an integrated sensing, communications, and powering (ISACP) technique for supporting both sensing and communication QoS provisioning while delivering the power over the next-generation wireless networks using massive multiple-input and multiple-output (massive MIMO) communications. First, we develop the system models for the ISACP scheme to simultaneously sense the targeted mobile users (MUs), transmit the information, and deliver the power. Second, we propose a hypothesis testing based scheme to estimate the MU's angle-of-arrival using the sensing signal. Third, we employ the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) to measure the performance of sensing and maximize the energy-efficiency with satisfying requirements of both sensing and communication performances. Finally, we use numerical analyses to validate and evaluate our proposed ISACP scheme.
Zhang et al. (Wed,) studied this question.